Created 7/18/2023
Updated 12/15/2023
Problems related to the bite, that is, the way in which the teeth of the upper and lower arches fit together, are one of the most frequent oral problems among the patients of our dental clinic in Barcelona. But do you know exactly what types of bite problems you may suffer from?
In this article, we help you identify each type and explain the treatment necessary to correct any type of dental malposition and malocclusion.
What bite problems exist according to the occlusal plane?
Malocclusion problems can occur on three different levels. First, in the anteroposterior plane, in the case of mandibular retrognathism and prognathism, class II and III, respectively. Secondly, in the vertical, in cases of open bite, overbite and facial asymmetries. Finally, in the transverse, when a patient presents crossbite or scissor bite.
Anteroposterior plane: mandibular retrognathism and prognathism (class II and class III).
Mandibular retrognathism is a bite problem that occurs when the upper jaw is in a more advanced position with respect to the lower jaw. In this way, the teeth do not make contact when closing the mouth. Generally, it appears as a consequence of genetic inheritance and bad habits during childhood, such as prolonged thumb sucking.
Mandibular prognathism, on the other hand, is the opposite case. That is, in this case, the mandible is in a more advanced position than the upper jaw. Genetic origin, premature loss of molars and some infections are some of the main factors of its appearance.
Bite problems in the vertical plane: open bite and overbite
Open bite is one of the most common malocclusions, a problem that occurs when the teeth, especially the front teeth, do not make contact with each other.
An overbite occurs when the upper teeth cover at least two thirds of those of the lower arch.
Malocclusions in the transverse plane: crossbite and scissor bite
Crossbite is a malocclusive problem that originates when the lower jaw is narrower than the mandible. On the other hand, a scissor bite occurs when the upper arch teeth protrude and, in addition, do not match those of the lower arch.
Ways to treat a scissor bite.
Although it may seem challenging, there are effective alternatives to resolve the scissor bite. To correct this problem, there are two main approaches: the use of orthodontics and orthognathic surgery.
Orthodontics is the most common method for treating this issue. Ideally, it should be used in early stages, which will depend on the patient’s point of development. During this growth phase, there are greater opportunities to properly guide dental development and modify the size and position of the dental bones. An orthodontist, through interceptive orthodontics, can influence bone structure to promote proper development.
In contrast, orthognathic surgery is reserved for adults. This approach is more complex, as it addresses a bone structure that has already fully formed. In other words, the specialist must work with dental bones that are not malleable. The surgical intervention is performed directly on the jawbone, with the objective of restoring the lost harmony in the dental arches.
Often, the most sensible recommendation is to combine both solutions. In general, in adult patients, orthognathic surgery is accompanied by subsequent orthodontic treatment. This treatment usually lasts about two years, although the exact duration will depend on the particular circumstances of each patient.
If this kind of malocclusion is not addressed in time, more serious complications can arise, such as gum problems, digestive and functional disorders, tooth wear and loss, discomfort, pain, bruxism, difficulties in the pronunciation of certain words and poor chewing.
At IMOI, we are experts in Invisalign invisible orthodontic treatments and in orthodontics with self-ligating brackets, aesthetic brackets and lingual brackets. Depending on your situation and your needs, after a thorough evaluation of your case, we can recommend the ideal treatment for you to have a healthy, aligned and beautiful smile.
If you want to start an orthodontic treatment and/or have any doubts about it, you can contact us at 93 272 48 30 (Barcelona) / 971 315 374 (Ibiza) or leave us your details in the form on our website.
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This article has been supervised by Dr. Ferran Novell Costa and Dra. Erjona Demiraj, specialists in Dental Health and Dental Aesthetics treatments. Responsible for the treatments provided at IMOI Barcelona and IMOI Ibiza and for the supervision and/or updating of the contents of this blog entry. (7/11/2023). The recommendations described are not generic and do not replace the diagnosis and evaluation of a professional in a dental office. If you want us to clarify any aspect or you want a personalized diagnosis and advice we recommend you to come to our dental clinics.
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